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The Effect Of Air Pollution Create Date锛2010-04-27 09:01:46 Hits:480
Air pullution has an effect on stone and other building materials only since the 1920s and 1930s and yet, incredibly, is now the primary cause of stone decay. In The Wheathering of Natural Building Stones, Shaffter was the first to discuss decay on buildings provoked mainly by carbon particles present in the air due to the copious emissions linked to the new manufacturing model, fruit of the Industrial Revolution that can be dated to circa 1870, In Italy, industrialization processes began to have an influence only in the 1930s – 1940s: in the 1950s, the conservation problems tied to air polution officially became a course of study. The very aggressive air pollution in the past century speeded up the natural decay of materials, and processes that earlier required centuries are now completed in just a few decades. Contrary to the studies done to link air pollution with human health, for stone materials it has been impossible to establish degree limits for every pollutant because biological and inorganic reactions are so different. For the human body, in fact , a brief but intense pollution factor can be more damaging than a low but constant emission, while the opposite is true ofr stone: low concentrations of pollution that persist through time are much more damaging because stone materials absorb pollutants, which continually accumulate bacause stones can neither protect themselves nor regenerate. Furthermore, the effect of pollution substances inside the material continues through time, even when the pollution process has terminated or when the manufacture is moved to a healthier environment, for example, when a statue is moved from outdoors to the interior of a museum. The substances material can, in fact, continue to act until the reactants are exhausted. The effect of individual chemical substances varies with physical and atmospheric conditions: for example, the presence of humidity can favor certain reactions and inhibit others. To date, however, even if it were possible to halt pollution, returing it to pre-industiral levels, although the concentration of polluting particles causing stones to decay would diminish, it would be impossible to stone their effect.
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